Electrical Stimulation of the Proprioceptive Cortex (Area 3a) Used to Instruct a Behaving Monkey

A growing number of brain-machine interfaces have now been developed that allow movements of an external device to be controlled using recordings from the brain. This work has been undertaken with a number of different animal models, as well as several human patients with quadriplegia. The resulting movements, whether of computer cursors or robotic limbs, remain quite slow and unstable compared to...