Nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody prevents diabetes and blocks induction of insulin autoantibodies following insulin peptide B:9-23 immunization in the NOD mouse.

Introduction: Insulin peptide B:9-23 is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes that induces insulin autoantibodies and prevents diabetes in the NOD. However, immunization with peptide without adjuvant may be insufficient to reverse disease or induce long-term tolerance. Furthermore, recent experience has demonstrated the potential dangers of disease exacerbation or anaphylaxis with peptide immunotherapy.