Our laboratory for the first time combines transplantation of stem cells, stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis and modulation of inflammatory responses in order to develop clinically effective cell replacement therapies for human neurodegenerative diseases. Such diseases represent leading causes of disability, and with the growing aging population, their economical and societal burden will be further increased. If our objectives are achieved, this work will have major therapeutic implications for patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as stroke.