His research interests include medical image analysis, natural language processing, document image analysis, computer vision, and deep learning. He has published 300+ papers on top journals and conferences in the above fields, which have been cited 20,000+ times with h-index of 72 according to Google Scholar. He invented 573 patents (among them 90 US patents), including a patent on Marginal Space Learning based heart chamber segmentation, which won the Thomas A. Edison Patent Award of New Jersey R&D Council in 2011. He is a major contributor for several other prestigious awards too, including Siemens Top+ Innovation Award in 2010 and the Techno-College Innovation Award of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) in 2010. As a co-developer of an Asian Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system, he won the National Scientific and Technological Progress Award (2nd class) of China in 2003. He is a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), a fellow of American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), a Program Co-Chair of International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2021, an Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (impact factor 10.0) since 2018, and was an Associate Editor of IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (impact factor 7.0) 2013-2018.