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We are interested in the cellular biology of the transition metal iron - an essential trace element for virtually all organisms. Although iron is the second most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust, its bioavailability is low, since iron is rapidly oxidized in an aerobic environment to the ferric form, Fe(III), which has a poor solubility in water at neutral pH. For microbial pathogens, acquisition of host iron is frequently crucial for virulence and, mutations in genes involved in iron acquisition or iron utilization are frequently associated with loss of pathogenicity. Accordingly, mammals react to microbial infections by inducing iron-withholding defense systems, in order to deprive pathogens of essential iron in body fluids. On the other hand, high intracellular iron levels are a source of reactive oxygen species and thus toxic. To achieve appropriate cellular iron levels and to avoid iron-loading, cells have developed sophisticated systems for assuring a balanced cellular iron homeostasis. A tightly regulated iron metabolism is essential, and disruption or de-regulation of iron-related molecules can have significant health consequences.
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Felipe A Carvalho,Ulrich Mühlenhoff,Joseph J Braymer, Vasilij Root,Martin Stümpfig,Carla C Oliveira,Roland Lill
FEBS lettersno. 13 (2023): 1718-1732
Ulrich Mühlenhoff, Benjamin Dennis Weiler,Franziska Nadler,Robert Millar,Isabell Kothe,Sven-Andreas Freibert,Florian Altegoer,Gert Bange,Roland Lill
The Journal of biological chemistryno. 10 (2022): 102465-102465
Benjamin Dennis Weiler, Marie-Christin Brück,Isabell Kothe,Eckhard Bill,Roland Lill,Ulrich Mühlenhoff
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