My area of research is marine ecosystem modelling and associated biogeochemical cycles, which is fundamental to the global carbon cycle and climate science. Particular interests include: the dynamics of marine ecosystems, e.g., bottom-up versus top-down control; ocean biogeochemistry including carbon cycling, export and sequestration, and dissolved organic matter and the microbial loop; stoichiometry (the coupling between multiple elements), especially zooplankton and bacteria; model complexity and complexity science; the history and philosophy of science.