During the course of his career he has served as Principal Investigator on numerous research grants including serving as PI on the National Surveys of Physician Organizations (NSPO) 1, 2, and 3). His particular expertise is in conceptualizing, measuring, and analyzing organizational factors that are associated with hospital, physician organization and health system performance. He is currently conducting research on Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) integrated care models, innovations in healthcare delivery, developing taxonomies of healthcare organizations and systems, and examining the application of the Lean management/operating system in U.S. hospitals. His more than 300 peer-reviewed papers have appeared in a wide variety of organizational and health services/health policy research journals, and he is the author or co-author of ten books. Dr. Shortell is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine), past editor of Health Services Research, and past president of the Association for Health Services Research (Academy Health). He has been the recipient of the distinguished Graham Prize ( formerly Baxter Prize) for his innovative contributions to health services research, the Distinguished Investigator Award from Academy Health, the AHA/HRET TRUST Leadership Award, the John M. Eisenberg Excellence in Mentorship Award, and many other awards.