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Information processing in the vertebrate retina; phototransduction
The Normann laboratory is developing interfaces to the central and peripheral nervous systems for basic science and clinical applications. They have focused on two basic electrode array architectures: the Utah Electrode Array (UEA) consists of 100, 1.5 mm long silicon miconeedles that project out from a 4 mm x 4 mm x 0.25 mm thick substrate. The Utah Slanted Electrode Array (USEA) has a similar architecture but the lengths of the electrodes are graded from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The UEA was designed for cortical applications, and the USEA was designed for use in the peripheral nervous systems.
We have used these interfaces to study parallel information processing by the central nervous system (visual and auditory cortex) and the control of muscle force and limb position by the peripheral nervous system. Ongoing projects include: the production of fatigue resistant, graded forces by the skeletal musculature, the control of multijoint forces in an entire limb, the production of sensory percepts in mammalian model systems by electrical stimulation of central and peripheral pathways, sight restoration in the blind by cortical electrical stimulation, and the stimulation of the cochlear nerve to evoke selective activation of auditory cortex as an auditory neuroprosthesis. Additional work is focused on moving from wired electrode arrays to wireless devices that will be powered inductively and will send data to external electronics via a radio frequency link.
Information processing in the vertebrate retina; phototransduction
The Normann laboratory is developing interfaces to the central and peripheral nervous systems for basic science and clinical applications. They have focused on two basic electrode array architectures: the Utah Electrode Array (UEA) consists of 100, 1.5 mm long silicon miconeedles that project out from a 4 mm x 4 mm x 0.25 mm thick substrate. The Utah Slanted Electrode Array (USEA) has a similar architecture but the lengths of the electrodes are graded from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The UEA was designed for cortical applications, and the USEA was designed for use in the peripheral nervous systems.
We have used these interfaces to study parallel information processing by the central nervous system (visual and auditory cortex) and the control of muscle force and limb position by the peripheral nervous system. Ongoing projects include: the production of fatigue resistant, graded forces by the skeletal musculature, the control of multijoint forces in an entire limb, the production of sensory percepts in mammalian model systems by electrical stimulation of central and peripheral pathways, sight restoration in the blind by cortical electrical stimulation, and the stimulation of the cochlear nerve to evoke selective activation of auditory cortex as an auditory neuroprosthesis. Additional work is focused on moving from wired electrode arrays to wireless devices that will be powered inductively and will send data to external electronics via a radio frequency link.
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Eduardo Fernandez, Cristina Soto,Arantxa Alfaro,Pablo Gonzalez,Antonio Lozano,Sebastian Pena,Maria Dolores Grima, Alfonso Rodil,Antonio Alarcon,John Rolston, Tyler Davies,Richard A. Normann
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Artificial Visionpp.191-201, (2016)
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