Research Interests: The majority of my research is concerned with understanding the spatial and/or temporal distribution of the criminal event and the role of scale with that understanding. More specifically, people and their resulting criminal activity are neither randomly nor evenly distributed across space and time, and my research in this area is concerned with understanding the factors that drive these spatial and temporal aspects of crime–environmental (spatial-temporal) criminology. This research has shown that criminal activity varies systematically with urban, social, and demographic geographies.