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A major theme in my research is to answer the fundamental question of how the sperm activates the egg at fertilization. At fertilization in all mammals the sperm initiates development by causing a series of oscillations in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. We have previously shown that the sperm initiates Ca2+ oscillations in egg by introducing the sperm specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCzeta) after gamete membrane fusion. PLCzeta generates cycles of InsP3 production and Ca2+ release. We have shown that PLCzeta is unique amongst mammalian PLCs in causing Ca2+ oscillations in eggs, and in that it specifically targets intracellular vesicles containing phosphoinositides. Recent studies in mice suggest that there may be an additional factor that promotes Ca2+ oscillations in eggs and we have begun to investigate the nature of a putative second sperm factor.
We are currently investigating exactly how PLCzeta causes Ca2+ release and what factors in the egg effect the sensitivity to PLCzeta. We study egg activation in mouse eggs and collaborate with the Wales Fertility Institute to study Ca2+ oscillations in human eggs. I collaborate with Thomas Woolley and Katerina Kaouri in the School of Mathematics in Cardiff University to model the mechanisms of Ca2+ oscillations. I also collaborate with Paola Borri and Wolfgang Langbein (Physics, Cardiff University) and use CARS imaging of eggs and embryos to monitor changes in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets caused by exposure to fatty acids. We are also investigating the nature of cytoplasmic movements in eggs and early embryos.
I am also interested in the regulation of mitochondrial activity in eggs and early embryos. We are studying the way the sperm stimulates mitochondrial ATP production at fertilization, and how ATP influences Ca2+ release. The main aims of these projects is to establish methods for improving egg activation at fertilization and subsequent embryo development.
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Cellsno. 24 (2023)
CELLSno. 24 (2023)
The Biochemical journalno. 24 (2023): 2023-2035
LEARNED PUBLISHINGno. 1 (2023): 25-30
Reproduction (2022)
Timothy Ostler,Wolfgang Langbein,Paola Borri, Emily Lewis,Yisu Wang,Karl Swann,Thomas E. Woolley,Katerina Kaouri
arxiv(2022)
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