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The Darnell laboratory studies how signals from the cell surface affect the transcription of genes in the nucleus. Using interferon as a model cytokine, the group discovered that transcription of specific genes is quickly changed by binding of cytokines to the cell surface. The bound interferon leads to the tyrosine phosphorylation of latent cytoplasmic proteins called STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription), which dimerize by reciprocal phosphotyrosine–SH2 interchange. These transcription factors accumulate in the nucleus, bind DNA, and drive transcription. The pathway has proved to be of wide importance, with seven STATs now known in mammals. These proteins take part in a wide variety of developmental and homeostatic events in all multicellular animals.
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Shengdong Ke,Endalkachew A. Alemu,Claudia Mertens,Emily Conn Gantman,John J. Fak,Aldo Mele, Bhagwattie Haripal,Ilana Zucker-Scharff,Michael J. Moore,Christopher Y. Park,Cathrine Broberg Vagbo, Anna Kusnierczyk,
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