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I made a unique discovery in the early 1980's as a visiting scientist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, USA. At that time, everyone was convinced that insulin was required to transport glucose into muscle cells. Together with Professor John O. Holloszy, I was able to provide evidence that contracting skeletal muscle stimulates glucose transport in muscle cells by an insulin-independent mechanism. This was contrary to the prevailing paradigm at that time. Thus, we were able to show that muscle contraction works in the same way as insulin in terms of stimulating glucose uptake, but that the signaling mechanisms differed. This finding explains why exercise is an important part of the treatment for type 2 diabetes.
A major problem in people with type 2 diabetes is that the body becomes insulin resistant, ie that muscles, fat and liver do not respond to insulin properly. My research team has studied the molecular mechanisms behind insulin resistance. We have been able to show that the signalling pathways that activate the glucose transport molecules are partly inhibited in diabetes. The causes behind this insulin resistance might differ between people, but high levels of fat, stress hormones and inflammatory molecules clearly have a deleterious effect on insulin sensitivity.
An exciting part of my research has been devoted to physical exercise, ie how exercise affects glucose metabolism in diabetes. We provided evidence that people with type 1 diabetes can perform exercise without deteriorating blood glucose control. In people with type 2 diabetes, we have been able to show that both Nordic walking and high intensity exercise training improves blood glucose control. A novel discovery is that the time during the day when exercising is performed can play an important role to achieve the positive effects of physical exercise on blood glucose control. This was an unexpected, but important finding, which is currently being explored in my laboratory with studies on the underlying causes and whether it applies to all types of exercise.
I made a unique discovery in the early 1980's as a visiting scientist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, USA. At that time, everyone was convinced that insulin was required to transport glucose into muscle cells. Together with Professor John O. Holloszy, I was able to provide evidence that contracting skeletal muscle stimulates glucose transport in muscle cells by an insulin-independent mechanism. This was contrary to the prevailing paradigm at that time. Thus, we were able to show that muscle contraction works in the same way as insulin in terms of stimulating glucose uptake, but that the signaling mechanisms differed. This finding explains why exercise is an important part of the treatment for type 2 diabetes.
A major problem in people with type 2 diabetes is that the body becomes insulin resistant, ie that muscles, fat and liver do not respond to insulin properly. My research team has studied the molecular mechanisms behind insulin resistance. We have been able to show that the signalling pathways that activate the glucose transport molecules are partly inhibited in diabetes. The causes behind this insulin resistance might differ between people, but high levels of fat, stress hormones and inflammatory molecules clearly have a deleterious effect on insulin sensitivity.
An exciting part of my research has been devoted to physical exercise, ie how exercise affects glucose metabolism in diabetes. We provided evidence that people with type 1 diabetes can perform exercise without deteriorating blood glucose control. In people with type 2 diabetes, we have been able to show that both Nordic walking and high intensity exercise training improves blood glucose control. A novel discovery is that the time during the day when exercising is performed can play an important role to achieve the positive effects of physical exercise on blood glucose control. This was an unexpected, but important finding, which is currently being explored in my laboratory with studies on the underlying causes and whether it applies to all types of exercise.
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msra(2022)
Science Advancesno. 36 (2022): eabo3192-eabo3192
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