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How does cancer escape from the immune system?
My research is focused on how the immune system distinguishes self from non-self, uncovering the molecular mechanisms that control the recognition of cancer cells, pathogens and non-self cells. This work has applications to understanding how a pathogen interacts with its host and why some cancers are more aggressive and malignant than others.
My laboratory uses non-self and contagious cancers to understand the barrier between self and non-self, immune recognition and pathogen evolution. Cancer is not usually an infectious disease, but in some cases tumour cells acquire the ability to pass between individuals in a population. These cancers can be deadly to the species they infect and also challenge our understanding of how tumours grow and evolve. We focus on two examples in the Tasmanian devil, Devil Facial Tumour Disease 1 and 2, in addition to other cancer models, including choriocarcinoma, a cancer of the foetus that can invade maternal tissues.
The proteins responsible for recognising pathogens and cancer cells are called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules, which are variable between individuals in a population. These molecules are essential for communicating to the immune system that a cell is self, non-self, infected or malignant. Our research is focused on why and how the MHC system 'breaks down' and fails to recognise these cancers.
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EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONSno. 3 (2024): e13670-e13670
HLAno. 4 (2023): 330-330
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