Professor Miesenböck pioneered the science of optogenetics. He established the principles of optogenetic control in 2002, using rhodopsin to activate normally light-insensitive neurons. He was the first to use optogenetics to control behaviour. These seminal experiments have provided a platform for an explosion in optogenetic applications. Recent honours testify to the significance of these findings. Miesenböck has exploited optogenetics in a succession of brilliant experiments illuminating synaptic connectivity, the neural basis of reward, mechanisms of sleep homeostasis and the control of sexually dimorphic circuitry. These incisive contributions to neuroscience have demonstrated the full potential of optogenetics beyond the proof-of-principle stage.
He has received numerous international awards for the invention of optogenetics, including the InBev Baillet-Latour International Health Prize (2012), the Brain Prize (2013), the Heinrich Wieland Prize (2015), the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2016), and the Massry Prize (2016). Gero is a member of the Austrian and German Academies of Sciences and a Fellow of the Royal Society.