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How do pathogens attack their hosts, and how do hosts defend themselves against these attacks? We are using the roundworm C. elegans to study these questions of host/pathogen interactions in the intestine. C. elegans provides a powerful and tractable system for research. The worm has intestinal cells that are similar in structure to human intestinal cells, yet C. elegans is transparent and easy to study in lab. C. elegans lacks a professional immune system, and instead relies on 'non-professional' immune cells like epithelial cells to fight off pathogen attack. It is increasingly appreciated that epithelial cells in mammals are involved in detecting and responding to pathogens, and these cells can also be drivers of inflammatory disorders. It is critical to understand more about immunity in these cells, and what we find in C. elegans host/pathogen interactions in epithelial cells may help to understand and treat both infectious and inflammatory diseases in humans.
Our research focuses on two distinct pathogens, both of which are natural intracellular pathogens isolated from C. elegans in the wild. The first pathogen is a species of microsporidia that we named Nematocida parisii, or nematode-killer from Paris (intestinal infection of C. elegans intestine with N. parisii shown in figure image). Microsporidia are poorly understood fungal pathogens that infect most animals, and can cause problems for immunocompromised humans, as well as for agriculturally important animals like honeybees. The second pathogen we study is a natural viral pathogen of C. elegans from Orsay, France that also infects the intestine. Like coronaviruses, the Orsay virus is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Intriguingly, we found that C. elegans mounts a very similar transcriptional response to N. parisii and the Orsay virus, which is somewhat surprising, as these are molecularly distinct pathogens. Deciphering this novel immune/stress response to intracellular infection of epithelial cells is a major focus of the lab.
Our research focuses on two distinct pathogens, both of which are natural intracellular pathogens isolated from C. elegans in the wild. The first pathogen is a species of microsporidia that we named Nematocida parisii, or nematode-killer from Paris (intestinal infection of C. elegans intestine with N. parisii shown in figure image). Microsporidia are poorly understood fungal pathogens that infect most animals, and can cause problems for immunocompromised humans, as well as for agriculturally important animals like honeybees. The second pathogen we study is a natural viral pathogen of C. elegans from Orsay, France that also infects the intestine. Like coronaviruses, the Orsay virus is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Intriguingly, we found that C. elegans mounts a very similar transcriptional response to N. parisii and the Orsay virus, which is somewhat surprising, as these are molecularly distinct pathogens. Deciphering this novel immune/stress response to intracellular infection of epithelial cells is a major focus of the lab.
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bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology (2024)
Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature (2023)
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biorxiv(2023)
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Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature (2023)
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bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2023)
biorxiv(2023)
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2023)
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