I have introduced many new treatments for retinoblastoma that have been adopted by other cancer hospitals. These treatments include the novel use of chemotherapy delivered around the eye to prevent the widespread side effects caused by intravenous medication. In 2006, we pioneered the use of high-concentration, low-dose chemotherapy delivered directly into the blood vessel of the eye through a catheter (thin, flexible tube) placed in the groin, which can be given on an outpatient basis. We have the most experience with this technique (called ophthalmic artery chemosurgery or intraarterial chemotherapy) and have taught it to doctors around the world. In the past, we removed one or both eyes in 95 percent of children with retinoblastoma, but now we can avoid removing the eye 95 percent of the time.