My research involves calculations using the theory of the strong force (Quantum Chromodynamics or QCD) that describes how quarks are bound into particles called hadrons. We have never seen free quarks so to test our theory of the strong force and to uncover the properties of quarks we have to compare calculations of masses and properties of hadrons to experiment. As a result of recent breakthroughs by Glasgow and collaborators, we are now able to do this with high accuracy. For example, we can determine the parameters of QCD, the quark masses and the QCD version of the fine structure constant, to much higher precision than was previously possible. A particular focus of my work is on hadrons made of bottom and charm quarks because these provide the clearest window into the way in which Nature tells the difference between matter and antimatter (and which may or may not be correctly described by the Standard Model). To study this we are performing very accurate theoretical calculations of the rate of 'beta decay' of these hadrons. The results are being compared to experiments running now at various laboratories around the world. In particular we have done the first 1% accurate calculations for hadrons containing charm quarks for the BaBar, Belle and CLEO-c experiments. If the theory and experiment are accurate enough, we can hope to pin down discrepancies that will point to new physics beyond our Standard Model of particle physics (which includes QCD).