I am currently working on problems associated with spatial variability within fields. I am using apparent electrical conductivity, aerial photography, and yield maps to delineate variability within fields and measuring soil properties that effect nutrient management and crop productivity. The objective of this work is to develop sampling strategies for efficiently measuring soil properties within fields and to develop approaches for variable rate application of inputs. I also work in the area of soil quality. I am collaborating with other scientists to develop assessment tools for making comparisons among management practices or to assess changes over time for a management practice.